微孔聚醚型聚氨酯弹性体的制备与力学性能研究

以聚氧化丙烯三醇、高活性聚醚聚合物多元醇(HPOP)、二醇扩链剂、水及催化剂等助剂的混合物作为A组分,以聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)、纯MDI和液化MDI为原料合成的半预聚体作为B组分,A组分和B组分按异氰酸酯指数1.1混合,制备微孔聚氨酯弹性体。讨论了预聚体的NCO含量、纯MDI与液化MDI质量比、二醇扩链剂种类和HPOP/聚醚三醇质量比对微孔弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明,当预聚体NCO含量和纯MDI的用量增加时,微孔弹性体的硬度和拉伸强度增加;微孔弹性体的硬度随HPOP和1,4-丁二醇用量的增加而增加;当HPOP/聚醚三醇质量比为50∶50时,微孔弹性体的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率最高。

Study on Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Cellular Polyurethane Elastomer

A mixture of polyoxypropylene triol,highly active polyether polymer polyol(HPOP),glycol chain extender,water and catalyst etc was used as A component.The semi-prepolymer was synthesized from polytetrahydrofuran diol(PTMG),pure MDI and liquefied MDI,and it was used as B component.The microcellular poly-urethane elastomer was prepared by A component and B component with isocyanate index 1.1.The results showed that the hardness and tensile strength of the microcellular elastomer were increased when the NCO content of the prepolymer and the amount of pure MDI increased.The hardness of microporous elastomers increased with the amount of HPOP and 1,4-butanediol increased.When the mass ratio of HPOP/polyethertriol was 50∶50,the tensile strength and elongation at break of the microporous elastomer were the highest.