建筑业上市国有和民营企业竞争力比较研究

建筑业国企和民企的竞争力存在差异，选取了2014~2018 年39 家建筑业国企和51 家建筑业民企，共计396 个股市基础数据样本。应用因果理论模型，构建建筑业企业竞争力评价指标体系。发现观察期内国企竞争力比民企强2.74 倍，差距明显；影响建筑业国企竞争力的关键因素依次为规模能力、融资能力、运营能力和研发能力；影响建筑业民企竞争能力的关键因素依次为:运营能力、规模能力、人力能力和融资能力。为此，建议制定差异化竞争力提升战略，或通过国有企业民营化实现融合性共赢，政府也应落实支持民企的“28 条”政策，给予民企更多的发展空间，使二者协调发展，共同为建筑业的高质量发展做出贡献。

A Comparative Study on the Competitiveness of Chinese State-ownedand Private Construction Listed Companies

There are differences in the competitiveness of state-owned and private enterprises in the construction industry. Thisarticle selects 39 state-owned construction enterprises and 51 construction private enterprises from 2014 to 2018，a total of 396 stockmarket basic data samples. By applying the causal theory model, an evaluation index system for the competitiveness of constructionenterprises is built. It is found that during the observation period，the competitiveness of state-owned enterprises was 2.74 timesstronger than that of private enterprises, which is a significant gap. The key factors affecting the competitiveness of state-ownedenterprises are scale capacity，financing ability，operation ability，and research and development ability. And the key factors affectingthe competitiveness of private enterprises are:operation ability，scale ability，manpower ability，and financing ability. This articletherefore proposes to develop different strategies of improving competitiveness，or achieve a win-win situation through privatizationof state-owned enterprises. The government should also implement the "28" policy of private enterprises to give them more room fordevelopment. The above suggestions can help state-owned and private enterprises develop coordinately，which can contribute to thehigh-quality development of the construction industry.