10 kV配电网的接地故障测试述评及真型实验场设计

针对现实中单相接地故障选线和定位困难、相关产品测试验证的效率低下等问题,述评了10 kV配电网接地故障的仿真测试与试验验证相关问题。首先,基于单相接地故障的暂态过程分析,阐明了引起接地选线困难的机理原因。综述了小电流接地故障的三种常用测试验证手段,并讨论了各自的优缺点。接着,分析了小电流接地故障选线和定位装置效果不理想的原因。讨论了其仿真与试验验证面临的难题,论证了建立真型实验场的重要性和迫切性。最后,设计了一种10 kV配电网真型实验场的系统方案,给出了实测案例。并指出了该实验场的技术优势和应用前景。

Review of grounding fault testing and design of real experiment field for 10 kV distribution network

To solve the difficulties in selecting and locating single-phase grounding faults, and the inefficiency of related product testing, simulation tests and verification for grounding faults of a 10 kV distribution network are reviewed. First, based on the transient analysis of single-phase grounding, the mechanism of the difficulty in grounding line selection is analyzed. Three test and verification methods are summarized, and the merits and demerits of each method are analyzed. Then, the reasons for the unsatisfactory effect of line selection and locating devices for small current grounding faults are analyzed. The difficulties faced by simulation and test verification are discussed. The importance and urgency of establishing a real experimental field are discussed. Finally, the design scheme of a real experimental field for a 10 kV distribution network is given, and practical test cases are discussed. The prospective technical advantages and application prospects of the real experimental field are discussed. This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61703144).