从中国风景园林专业学生的视角看日本园林作品中的景观特征

为了明晰日本园林作品中的景观特征,抽取20世纪80年代后期—90年代的44个园林设计作品,调查中国风景园林专业的学生对于这些作品的视觉感受和心理感受。运用SD(Semantic Differential)法,以因子分析得到的样本数据作为基础数据,运用层次分类分析(Cluster),将结果分成4组。而且通过分组考察的结果,能够明确诸如如何创造出优美的景观满足五官感受和身体感受的需求,如何通过自然现象形态化来满足视觉表现,如何使几何学平面和植物的自然素材相融合,以及日本美的现代表现、人造景观和自然景观的共生、人与自然的对话和自然同人类的共存、利用植物形成四季变化景观、创造的空间评价等一系列风景园林学中的相关问题。

The View of Chinese Students Specialized in Landscape Architecture toward the Characters of Japanese Landscape Architecture Works

In order to grasp the characters of landscape architecture works of Japan, 44 works which have been created since later 1980s to 1990s are selected. The visual psychology of the Chinese students specialized in landscape architecture are tested. Making use of the SD method and Factor Analysis Method, the sample score is figured out and the result is used as the base data for cluster analysis, and then four clusters of data come out. Finally the four clusters are analyzed. The characters of these works are expressed in many aspects, such as charm felt by people's body sense, the visual exhibition of natural phenomenon, the organic combination of line, geometrical plane and plant materials, the modern expression of Japanese traditional beauty, the metabiosis of man and nature, and so on.