植物和动电修复铀污染土壤的研究现状

核工业的发展,导致重金属铀的排放和扩散,造成了地表局部土壤的污染,对社会和环境造成了一定的影响。由于铀的特殊性和土壤成分的复杂性,如何修复铀污染的土壤成为了一个难题。本文在已有研究基础上,对土壤中铀的形态特征、植物修复和动电修复的概念、国内外的研究进展、制约因素、优势和局限性、未来的发展趋势、两者的互补性进行了讨论,提出未来的发展方向是使植物修复和动电修复相结合,植物修复用于大面积、中低浓度铀污染土壤的修复,动电修复应用于较高浓度、环境恶劣、深层的铀污染,两者的结合将有望成为解决这一难题的希望。

Phytoremediation and Electrokinetic Remediation of Uranium Contaminated Soils: A Review

With the development of the nuclear industry,heavy metal uranium emissions and diffusion induced uranium contamination of local surface soils,which has taken some impact on society and environment.Due to the special particularities of uranium and the complexity of components in soil,how to remedy U-contaminated soils becomes an interesting problem in recent years.On the basis of present the domestic and foreign researches,this paper reviews the uranium speciation characteristics in soils,the concept of phytoremediation and electrokinetic remediation,current international research.Restricting factors,advantages and limitations,and the future trends,complementary were discussed too.Phytoremediation is fit for large-scale and low-level uranium contaminated soils,while electrokinetic remediation can be used for higher uranium concentration,bad environment and deep uranium contaminated soils.Combining phytoremediation and electrokinetic remediation is good for remediation of soil contaminated with uranium.The combination of the two technologies may bring some hopes to solve this problem.