Stability of Pt-Ni/C (1:1) and Pt/C electrocatalysts as cathode materials for polymer electrolyte fuel cells: Effect of ageing tests |
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Authors: | Sabrina C Zignani Ernesto R Gonzalez |
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Affiliation: | a Instituto de Química de São Carlos, USP, C.P. 780, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil b Scuola di Scienza dei Materiali, Via 25 aprile 22, 16016 Cogoleto, Genova, Italy |
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Abstract: | Carbon supported Pt and Pt-Ni (1:1) nanoparticles were prepared by reduction of metal precursors with NaBH4. XRD analysis indicated that only a small amount of Ni alloyed with Pt (Ni atomic fraction in the alloy about 0.05). The as-prepared catalysts were submitted to chronoamperometry (CA) measurements to evaluate their activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). CA measurements showed that the ORR activity of the as-prepared Ni-containing catalyst was higher than that of pure Pt. Then, their stability was studied by submitting these catalysts to durability tests involving either 30 h of constant potential (CP, 0.8 V vs. RHE) operation or repetitive potential cycling (RPC, 1000 cycles) between 0.5 and 1.0 V vs. RHE at 20 mV s−1. After 30 h of CP operation at 0.8 V vs. RHE, loss of all non-alloyed Ni, partial dissolution of the Pt-Ni alloy and an increase of the crystallite size was observed for the Pt-Ni/C catalyst. The ORR activity of the Pt-Ni/C catalyst was almost stable, whereas the ORR activity of Pt/C slightly decreased with respect to the as-prepared catalyst. Loss of all non-alloyed and part of alloyed Ni was observed for the Pt-Ni/C catalyst following repetitive potential cycling. Conversely to the results of 30 h of CP operation at 0.8 V vs. RHE, after RPC the ORR activity of Pt-Ni/C was lower than that of both as-prepared Pt-Ni/C and cycled Pt/C. This result was explained in terms of Pt surface enrichment and crystallite size increase for the Pt-Ni/C catalyst. |
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Keywords: | Oxygen reduction Pt-Ni/C electrocatalysts PEM fuel cell Dissolution Stability |
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