3D打印在快速熔模精密铸造技术中的应用

针对3D打印技术在熔模精密铸造行业的应用现状问题,对快速熔模精密铸造技术的工艺原理及国内发展概况进行了研究,分别重点研究了基于光固化成型技术、选择性激光烧结技术及熔融沉积成型技术的快速熔模精密铸造技术的国内研究现状,并深入剖析了这三种技术各自的优势与不足。其中,基于光固化成型技术的快速熔模精密铸造技术主要存在型壳易胀裂技术难题;基于选择性激光烧结技术的快速熔模精密铸造技术虽可有效克服型壳易胀裂技术难题,但存在原型零件强度不高、易翘曲变形等问题;而基于熔融沉积成型技术的快速熔模精密铸造技术则因原型尺寸精度较低、表面质量较差导致其实用性较低。研究结果表明,目前该三种快速铸造技术都还存在各自的技术瓶颈,这在很大程度上限制了其推广应用。

Analysis of the application of 3D printing technology in the rapid investment casting process

Aiming at the application status of 3 D printing technology in the investment precision casting industry,the technical principle and the domestic development situation of the rapid investment precision casting was studied firstly,then the domestic research status of the rapid investment casting process based on SLA,SLS and FDM were studied respectively as a key point in this article,and the advantages and disadvantages of these three technologies were deeply analyzed.The main technical problem of the rapid investment casting process based on SLA was that the shell was easy to crack during roasting,and the rapid investment casting process based on SLS mainly had the problems that the prototype strength was not high enough and easy to distort even though it can effectively overcome the shell cracking technical difficulty,and the rapid investment casting process based on FDM had a low practicality because of the low dimensional precision and poor surface quality of the FDM prototype.The results indicate that all these three rapid casting technologies still have their own technical bottlenecks at present,which makes it hard to be generalized.