放射性核素在花岗岩上的吸附行为

综述了放射性核素在花岗岩上吸附作用的研究现状和进展。相关研究表明:(1)花岗岩的物化性质(包括形貌、化学组成及表面酸碱特性)对放射性核素的吸附有一定的影响;(2)放射性核素在花岗岩表面的吸附速率普遍较快,吸附可在较短时间内完成;(3)各种环境因素如pH值、离子强度、温度、地下水中的主要离子、天然有机质、低氧条件等对放射性核素在花岗岩表面吸附的影响因吸附质离子不同而变化各异;(4)建立在基本吸附数据基础上的表面配位模型可以用于间接探讨相应的吸附机理,拓展了研究核素迁移的思路;(5)采用先进光谱表征技术如XPS可对放射性核素在花岗岩上的吸附机理进行分子或原子水平上的论证。

Adsorption Behavior of Radionuclides on Granite

In this paper, the adsorption behavior of radionuclides on granite is reviewed. The results show that: (1) the properties of granite (including morphology, chemical composition and acid-base chemistry of granite surface) have certain influence on the adsorption of radionuclides on granite; (2) the adsorption rate of radionuclides onto granite surface is relatively fast and the adsorption can be carried out at a short time; (3) the influences of environmental parameters such as pH, ionic strength, temperature, ions from groundwater, organic matters and anaerobic condition on adsorption of radionuclides onto granite vary with different adsorbates in system; (4) the adsorption mechanism of radionuclides on granite can be deduced indirectly using surface complex model based on the basic adsorption data, which extends research ideas of nuclide migration; (5) the advanced spectroscopy technologies such as XPS can be applied for deducing the adsorption mechanism of radionuclides on granite in molecular and atomic level.