Location-Dependent Lane-Changing Behavior for Arterial Road Traffic

Lane-changing behavior plays an important role in characterizing urban arterial road traffic dynamics. This paper investigates efficiency-driven and objective-driven motives for drivers to change lanes on arterial roads. The former motive is determined by the circumstances of the surrounding traffic flow, whereas the latter depends on position. A location-dependent lane changing model is then established by weighing the two motives for lane changing. Both continuous and discrete versions of the arterial traffic model are obtained using the LWR (Lighthill–Whitham–Richards) model with the two types of lane changing. Simulations show that the proposed model can reproduce macroscopic traffic phenomena such as spillover and a decrease in the concomitant departure flow, which is the reason for capacity loss. It is concluded that 1) there exists a critical condition under which there is no capacity loss and that 2) a different flow composition could result in a different capacity loss, which varies according to the flow direction. Hence, traffic management and control should take this loss into account.