自适应控制压力钻井关键技术及研究现状

为了减少钻遇压力敏感或安全压力窗口狭窄等复杂地层所产生的非生产时间，提出了对井底压力进行精确控制的自适应控制压力钻井的技术思路。探讨了控压钻井技术的井底压力控制机理，集成了所需关键技术装备，绘制了自适应控压钻井技术的关键技术路线图。系统地介绍了地层压力随钻检测技术、随钻井底环空压力测量、钻井液连续循环装置、井口回压检测与控制、数据传输技术的国内外技术现状。最后提出建议：国内相关单位应联合攻关，尽快研发具有自主知识产权的自适应控压钻井技术及相关装备，缩短与国际先进钻井技术间的差距。

Key technologies and research progress of the adaptive managed pressure drilling

To reduce non-productive time (NPT) caused by pressure sensitivity and narrow safe pressure window, the adap-tive managed pressure drilling is recommended to precisely control downhole pressure. Based on the analysis of downhole pres-sure controlling mechanism and the equipments for managed pressure drilling, key technologies to realize the adaptive managed pressure drilling are concluded. A review is made herein on the status of many techniques at home and abroad such as formation pressure measurement while drilling, annulus bottom pressure measurement while drilling, continuous circulation system, wellhead back-pressure monitoring and control, and data transmission. It is suggested that drilling companies and research de-partments should unite to develop the adaptive managed pressure drilling technology and the related equipments with independ-ent intellectual rights, thus to narrow the gap between domestic and world drilling technology.