2021年欧洲电网两次解列事故分析及对中国电网安全的思考

2021年1月8日和7月24日,欧洲电网先后两次发生故障,导致电网解列,继而产生了大幅频率波动,造成大量负荷被切除、电源脱网.两次事故既反映出大型互联电网运行中的稳定风险及其防控的复杂性,也揭示了能源转型和极端天气影响下电网安全运行面临的挑战.文中介绍了欧洲电网的基本情况,依据欧洲输电运营商联盟(ENTSO-E)发布的分析报告,梳理了事故的发生、发展过程及关键事件,总结了事故原因和共性问题,并结合中国电网实际情况和建设新型电力系统的需要,提出应从两次事故中汲取的教训和借鉴的经验.

Analysis of Two Splitting Accidents of European Power Grid in 2021 and Consideration on Power Grid Security in China

On January 8th and July 24th, 2021, grid failures occurred twice in the European power grid, which caused the grid split and then large frequency fluctuations were generated, resulting in large number of loads being removed and power sources disconnected from the power grid. The two accidents not only reflect the stability risks in the operation of large-scale interconnected power grids and the complexity of prevention and control, but also reveal the challenges faced by the safe operation of power grids under the influence of energy transition and extreme weather. The paper introduces the basic situation of the European power grid. According to the analysis report issued by the European Transmission Operators Alliance (ENTSO-E), the occurrence, development process and key events of the accidents are sorted out, and the cause of the accident and common problems are summarized. Combining the actual situation of power grids in China and the need to construct a new power system, the lessons and experiences that should be learned from the two accidents are put forward.