Chemistry of Leichhardt's Grasshopper, Petasida ephippigera, and its Host Plants, Pityrodia jamesii, P. ternifolia, and P. pungens |
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| Authors: | Mary T Fletcher Lynette M Lowe William Kitching Wilfried A König |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia;(2) CSIRO Division of Wildlife and Ecology, PMB 44, Winnellie, 0821, Australia;(3) Department of Chemistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia;(4) Institut für Organische Chemie, Universitat Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Investigation of the strikingly aposematic Leichhardt's grasshopper revealed a number of host-plant-derived components. Chemical study of the three known host plants revealed a diverse array of components. Pityrodia ternifolia and P. pungens contain predominantly sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene glycosides and P. jamesii is rich in cineole, dihydrochalcones, chalcones, and monoterpene glycosides. Feces from grasshoppers feeding on P. jamesii contain a mixture of hydroxycineoles, of which 3 -hydroxycineole is the predominant isomer (68%). No evidence for previously suspected "alkaloidal" toxins was found in either the insect or host plant. |
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| Keywords: | Leichhardt's grasshopper Petasida ephippigera Pityrodia jamesii Pityrodia ternifolia Pityrodia pungens hydroxycineole dihydrochalcone chalcone sesquiterpene glycoside aposematic |
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