大豆异黄酮生理活性的研究进展——(1)大豆异黄酮的代谢及雌激素特性

大豆尤其是大豆胚轴富含有益于人类健康的大豆异黄酮。人体内的两种专一肠道细菌能将大豆异黄酮中的大豆苷和染料木苷代谢为相应的糖苷配基大豆黄素和染料木黄酮。马雌酚是大豆黄素在肠内细菌作用下的代谢产物,具有比大豆异黄酮更高的生理活性,但是并非在所有摄取大豆异黄酮的健康成年人体内都能产生马雌酚,马雌酚的产生与体内是否存在某些特定的肠内菌丛有关。大豆蛋白能影响肠内菌丛的构成,进而提高大豆异黄酮的生物利用率。大豆异黄酮是一类选择性雌激素受体调节剂,具有雌激素和抗雌激素的双重活性,可安全有效地用于预防和治疗妇女更年期综合症。

Research Advance on the Biological Activities of Soybean Isoflavones ( 1 ) Metabolism and Estrogenic Behaviors of Soybean Isoflavones

The soybeans, in particular soybean hypocotyls are enriched in health-promoting isoflavones. Two specific co-lonic bacteria can convert daidzin and genistin into the their respective aglycones daidzein and genistein. Equol is exclusively a product of intestinal bacterial metabolism of dietary daidzein and its biological activity is superior to isoflavones. Equol cannot be produced in all healthy adults. Their inability of some persons is attributed to the lack of specific components of gut microflora. Soy proteins can play some roles in the effect on the bioavailability of soybean isoflavones through their effects on intestinal microflora. Isoflavones appear to be selective estrogen receptor modulators and have both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic behaviors. Isoflavone treatment may be a safe effective alternative therapy for menopausal symptoms.