采油废水的有机构成及其COD的处理技术研究

采用GC／MS技术分析了辽河、绥中某油田采油废水的有机组成，并结合炼油厂工艺废水的有机构成，分析了采油废水的主要特点，探讨了采油废水COD的处理方法。结果表明，采油废水中主要含有酚、醛、酮、醇、酯、酸、含氮化合物、烷烃、卤代烃等；其有机物的碳原子数分布相对于炼油废水要宽一些，有机物的碳数变化更为复杂，而有机物的分子量分布主要集中在100－140之间，并占其总有机组成的70％－90％。由于采油废水的有机组份中含生物难降解的成分多，采用生化技术处理采油废水将面临如何提高废水可生化性和高效优势菌群的培养与驯化问题。对于这种难生物降解的废水，化学混凝、吸附臭氧化等方法处理COD是较为有效的。采用化学混凝－气浮－吸附臭氧氧化－过滤工艺处理绥中某油田采油废水，其COD可由628.1mg/L降到150mg/L以下。

ORGANIC COMPOSITION & COD TREATMENT PROCESS OF OILFIELD WASTEWATER

The organic composition of water produced from Suizhong and Liaohe oilfields and refinery wastewater is investigated by GC/MS method,and the characteristics of the produced water are discussed,and COD treatment methods were developed.The results show the organic matters of the produced water are mainly composed of phenols,aldehydes,ketones,alcohols,acids,esters,aromatics,alkanes,amines and biodegradability of the wastewater is very poor.Compared with the organic matters of the refinery wastewater,that of the produced water have wider distribution of carbon atom number,the molecular weight of the organic matters for three kinds of wastewater is mostly focused between 100～140,and their weight composition is high to 70%～90%.For the produced water of Suizhong oilfield,COD is treated from 628 mg/l to below 150 mg/l by the process of chemical flocculation,adsorption ozone oxidation and filtration.