Plasma lipoproteins and liver lipids in two breeds of geese with different susceptibility to hepatic steatosis: Changes induced by development and force-feeding |
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Authors: | Dominique Hermier Ali Saadoun Marie-Rose Salichon Nadine Sellier Daniel Rousselot-Paillet M John Chapman |
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Affiliation: | (1) Station de Recherches Avicoles, INRA, Nouzilly, 37380 Monnale, France;(2) Station experimentale de l'Oie, INRA, Artiguères, 40002 Mont de Marsan Cedex, France;(3) INSERM U.321, Pavillon, B. Delessert, Hopital de la Pitié, 83 Bd de l'Hopital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France |
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Abstract: | Susceptibility to fatty liver in the force-fed goose is partly under genetic control. However, the mechanisms leading to liver
steatosis in this avian model are poorly understood, but may involve perturbation in hepatic lipoprotein synthesis. Plasma
lipoproteins were fractionated by density gradient ultracentrifugation from plasma of geese differing in their susceptibility
to liver steatosis (Landes breed, highly susceptible; Rhine breed, partly resistant). The concentrations and chemical compositions
of the major lipoprotein classes (VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL) were characterized at 8, 22 and 27 wk of age and compared to the
lipid composition of the corresponding liver. In non-force-fed geese, the lipoprotein profile was typical of birds, with high-density
lipoprotein (HDL) predominating (4–5 g/L). However, at 22 and 27 wk of age, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels were
significantly lower in Landes geese suggesting that this breed may possess a lower ability to export liver lipids, which would
explain its susceptibility to liver steatosis when overfed. The livers of force-fed geese were specifically enriched in triglyceride,
and to a lesser extent, in cholesteryl esters and non-esterified fatty acids as compared to those of control geese of the
same age (27 wk). This accumulation of lipids was more pronounced in the Landes breed and was responsible for the higher liver
weight in that breed. In both breeds, liver steatosis was accompanied by an increase in plasma levels of HDL (11 g/L), whereas
low-density lipoproteins were essentially absent. An increase in VLDL plasma levels occurred in the Landes breed only (2.51
g/Lvs 1.85 g/L in the Rhine breed), and was positively correlated with liver weight. However, VLDL in force-fed geese in both breeds
were deficient in triglyceride (28–29% by wt) but enriched in cholesterol (41% by wt). These results indicate that a defect
in the incorporation of triglyceride into nascent hepatic VLDL may result in liver steatosis in this species. |
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