我国海水淡化若干问题及对策

我国拥有1.8万km的海岸线,海洋资源丰富,海水淡化是解决水资源短缺,增加淡水资源的根本之道。总结了海水淡化的利用情况,深入探究制约海水淡化发展的因素,分析了淡化海水的利用前景。在分析国际海水淡化现状、经验及浙江舟山海水利用经验的基础上,针对我国海水淡化存在的问题,提出了我国海水淡化发展的对策:建议加大技术投入,发展政产学研商模式,降低经济成本;合理规划建设海水淡化项目,提高产能利用;加强对海水综合利用,减少环境污染;加强政策扶持,完善法规标准,不断推进海水淡化产业的发展。

Relevant issues and countermeasures of seawater desalination in China

China has a coastline of 18, 000 kilomet ers, rich in marine resour ces. Desalination is the fundamenta l way t o so lv e w a2 ter sho rtag es and increase fr eshw ater resources. This pa per summa rized the utilizatio n of seawater desa linatio n, deeply ex plo red the facto rs that restricted the dev elo pment of desalination, and analyzed the utilizatio n pro spects of desalinat ed seaw ater. Based on the analysis of the current status and ex periences of int ernational desalinatio n and seaw ater ut ilization in Zhoushan, Zhejiang , this study put forw ard the co untermeasures for the development o f seaw ater desalinat ion in China. It was sug g ested t o increase technical input, develo ped the mo del o f go vernment, industr y, and resea rch, to r educe economic co sts, to reasonably plan and build seaw ater desalinatio n projects. T he pr ojects may increase the utilizatio n of pr oduction capacity, strengthen the compr ehen2 siv e utilizatio n of seawater, r educing the env iro nmental po llut ion, str eng then policy suppo rt, improv ed laws and r egulat ions, and co nt inuously promo ted the develo pment of seaw ater desalinatio n industr y.