富含不饱和脂肪酸蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱的提取与分子结构分析

磷脂酰胆碱(PC)是鸡蛋蛋黄中的主要活性因子,为人体提供营养和保护。采用响应面法优化乙醇提取富含不饱和脂肪酸蛋黄PC工艺参数,经薄层色谱初步纯化后,气相-质谱(GC-MS)联用仪和基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF/MS)分析PC脂肪酸组成和分子结构。结果表明,乙醇提取蛋黄PC最适工艺参数为:料液比(v∶v)为1∶16(g/mL),乙醇浓度93.77%,提取温度42.98℃。在此条件下,PC提取率24.38%,纯度61.19%。PC中主要脂肪酸为油酸(40.66%)、软脂酸(16.35%)、亚油酸(13.06%)、硬脂酸(7.27%)和棕榈油酸(5.19%),以及少量花生四稀酸(0.48%)和二十二碳六烯酸(0.37%),共鉴定出9种蛋黄PC分子结构,即16:0/18:0-PC,16:0/18:1^Δ9-PC,18:0/18:1^Δ9-PC,16:0/18:2^Δ9,12-PC,18:0/18:2^Δ9,12-PC,18:1^Δ9/18:2^Δ9,12-PC,16:0/20:4^Δ5,8,11,14-PC,18:0/20:4^Δ5,8,11,14-PC和16:0/22:6^Δ3,6,9,12,15,18-PC。

Egg yolk phosphatidylcholine enrichment in unsaturation fatty acids: Extraction and molecular structure

Egg yolk is rich in phosphatidylcholine(PC),which is the keyphospholipid component providing nourishment and protection for our body.We herein optimize the ethanol extraction parameters for PC in egg yolk using response surface methodology.After preliminary purification through thin-layer chromatography,PCfatty acid compositions are identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy(GC-MS),and their molecular structure are also elucidated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscope(MALDI-TOF/MS).Results show that the optimal parameters for PC extraction from egg yolk are:weight/volume ratio of egg yolk to ethanol of 1∶16(g:mL),ethanol concentration of 93.77%,extraction temperature of 42.98℃.Under the optimal conditions,24.38%of PC yield is obtained,and PC content is approx.61.19%detected by UV-Vis spectroscopy.GC-MS analysis reveals that the main fatty acids of PC are oleic acid(40.66%),palmitic acid(16.35%),linoleic acid(13.06%),stearic acid(7.27%),palmitoleic acid(5.19%)and a small amount ofarachidonic acid(0.48%)and docosahexaenoic acid(0.37%).Nine kinds of PC molecular structures are elucidated from MALDI-TOF/MS profiles,namely,16:0/18:0-PC,16:0/18:1^Δ9-PC,18:0/18:1^Δ9-PC,16:0/18:2^Δ9,12-PC,18:0/18:2^Δ9,12-PC,18:1^Δ9/18:2^Δ9,12-PC,16:0/20:4^Δ5,8,11,14-PC,18:0/20:4^Δ5,8,11,14-PC and 16:0/22:6^Δ3,6,9,12,15,18-PC.