某露天铁矿爆破振动对边坡的动态响应特征研究

岩石边坡的安全性影响着矿山的经济效益。为了评估露天矿岩石边坡的稳定性，研究爆破近区的岩石边坡对爆破振动的响应特征，以某露天矿爆破开挖为工程背景，运用理论分析并根据现场地质条件，确定边坡上的测点位置，研究爆破振动波在边坡上传播的规律。 运用FLAC3D软件建立边坡模型，分析岩石边坡在爆破振动作用下的速度、位移的变化特征。研究表明：高边坡的测点竖直方向振动速度相对于水平方向较大，爆破振动强度并没有随着正高程的增大而呈现无限放大趋势，而是达到一定高程差时才会呈现出爆破振动的放大效应；边坡的竖直方向与水平方向发生小部分变形，但坡底水平位移变化幅度较大且为集中，降低了边坡的稳定性。

Response Characteristics Of Blasting Vibration To Rock Slope In An Open-Pit Iron Mine

The safety of rock slopes affects the economic benefits of mines. In order to improve the stability of rock slope in open-pit mine, the response characteristics of rock slope near blasting area to blasting vibration are studied. Taking blasting excavation of an open-pit mine as engineering background, the location of measuring points on the slope is determined by theoretical analysis and on-site geological conditions, and the propagation law of blasting vibration wave on the slope is studied. The slope model is established by FLAC3D software, and the change characteristics of velocity and displacement of rock slope under blasting vibration are analyzed and compared with the field monitoring results. The results show that the vertical vibration velocity of the measured points of the high slope is larger than that of the horizontal direction, and the magnification effect of blasting vibration appears when the height difference reaches a certain level; the vertical and horizontal deformation of the slope occurs in a small part, but the horizontal displacement of the bottom of the slope varies greatly and concentrates, which reduces the stability of the slope and reduces the model. The simulation results can provide guidance for accurate evaluation of rock slope safety and optimization of blasting parameters.