碳酸高碳二烷基酯润滑油基础油的合成

在甲醇钠的催化作用下,以异构C16~C20混合醇和碳酸二甲酯为原料合成了碳酸高碳二烷基酯。研究了催化剂用量、原料配比、反应时间及温度等因素对酯交换反应的影响。实验结果表明,较佳的合成工艺条件为:催化剂甲醇钠∶碳酸二甲酯=0.08∶1(摩尔比),异构C16~C20混合醇∶碳酸二甲酯=2.4∶1(摩尔比),反应时间6 h,反应温度170℃。实验室和50 L中试产品收率均大于97%。产品应用于SL 5W-30和SL 5W-40汽油机油中,在低温性能方面表现良好。碳酸高碳(C16~C20)二烷基酯产品结构用红外光谱和质谱进行了表征。

Synthesis of Dihigheralkyl Carbonate as Lubricating Base Oil

By using sodium methoxide as catalyst,dihigheralkyl carbonate was synthesized from C16～ C20 isomeric mixed alcohol and dimethyl carbonate. The impacts of amount of catalyst,charge ratio of the raw materials,reaction time and reaction temperature on transesterification reaction were studied. According to the experiment,the optimal processing conditions of synthesis were as follows： n（ sodium methoxide） ∶ n（ dimethyl carbonate） = 0. 08∶1（ molar ratio）,n（ C16～ C20 isomeric mixed alcohol） ∶ n（ dimethyl carbonate） = 2. 4∶ 1（ molar ratio）,reaction time6 h,reaction temperature170 ℃. The product yields of dihigheralkyl carbonate were more than97% in laboratory scale and 50 L pilot scale researches. When the product was used as base oil of SL 5W-30 and SL 5W-40 gasoline engine oils,the low temperature performance was very good. The product structure of dihigheralkyl carbonate was characterized by IR spectroscopy and mass spectrum.