日本琵琶湖保护治理的基本思路评析

以日本琵琶湖治理为实例,介绍日本在已修订的《河川法》指导下,正在举其全力恢复湖泊的生态水环境,努力建设具有自循环功能的生态河流、湖泊的情况.通过对日本琵琶湖保护治理的研究和思考,归纳出日本琵琶湖治理的主要经验:在全民参与的基础上,确立流域为治污主体,充分发挥国家行政、企业团体和市民群体的作用,从法律政策、经济投资、工程建设、宣传教育等各个不同角度采取措施和对策,最终达到建设具有自循环功能的生态河流、湖泊目的.简言之:源水培育、湖水治理、生态建设、政府主导、全民参与.

Comment on basic idea for protection and regulation of Lake Biwa of Japan

With Lake Biwa of Japan as an example, an introduction is given to the restoration of water ecological environment of lakes and construction of ecological rivers and lakes with the auto-circulating function at full steam in Japan under the instruction of the revised “River Law”. Based on the study of the protection and regulation of Lake Biwa, some experiences from lake regulation are summarized, including the whole national participation, taking river basins as main objectives of pollution control, making full use of national administration, enterprises and societies, and groups of citizens, and taking measures in aspects of laws and policies, economic investment, project construction, and propagation and education, so as to reach the objectives of construction of ecological rivers and lakes with the auto-circulating function.