竖向荷载差作用下多层砌体房屋顶层裂缝的理论和试验研究

本研究构建了能够真实反映多层砌体结构的H型实体研究模型,从试验和理论两方面研究了竖向荷载差作用下纵横墙(即非承重与承重墙)变形位移大小,以及裂缝的产生和发展行为。结果表明:纵横墙变形差大小随荷载增加而增大,并且当荷载增加至一定值时,顶部伴有裂缝的产生和扩展。另一方面,本研究建立了竖向荷载差作用下多层砌体房屋顶层最大剪应力计算分析模型,提出并确定了顶层最大剪应力计算公式和相关参数确定方法。理论分析指出荷载差引起的纵横墙交界处的剪力在Y=H时最大(τmax),房屋的顶层最易开裂。

Experimental and theoretical study on roof cracking behaviors in multi-story masonry buildings

An H-type masonry model based on an actual masonry structure was established for experimentally and theoretically studying the deformation and the roof cracking behaviors in multi-story masonry buildings with the influence of different vertical compression.The experimental results show that the deformation increases with the increase of loads.Cracks appear and develop along the boundary of bearing wall and non-bearing wall when the load reaches to a specific value.Additionally,an analytical model and the calculation method are proposed for the maximal shear stress in multi-story masonry buildings.The computation indicates that the cracks are likely to occur at the roof of multi-story masonry building.The analytical results are in good agreement with the experimental results.