Jet penetration and liquid splash in submerged gas injection |
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| Authors: | Basil U. N. Igwe S. Ramachandran J. C. Fulton |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Arthur D. Little, Inc., 02140 Cambridge, Mass.;(2) Research and Development, Hindustan Steel Company, Ltd., Ranchi, India;(3) Process Research and Development, Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc., Research Center, 15014 Brackenridge, Pa. |
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| Abstract: | Jet penetration, bubble dispersion, and liquid splash were studied in the nitrogen-water system. Among the effects evaluated were those due to lance design, nozzle dimensions, gas driving pressure, and liquid density. In side-nozzle injection, penetration is found to increase with jet force number,N, given by the product of the gas driving pressure and the nozzle diameter. In top-submerged injection, horizontal and vertical penetrations increase with the horizontal and vertical components, respectively, of the jet force number. Liquid splash is greater in the side-nozzle injection than in top-submerged multiple-orifice injection, and appears to decrease as the number of orifices increases. |
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