静电纺取向纳米纤维制备技术的研究进展

传统的非取向静电纺纳米纤维微观结构杂乱，力学性能较差，其应用范围相对较小；而取向纳米纤维具有各向异性的结构和润湿性能，其力学性能、尺寸稳定性和导电率更高，因此，其应用前景更加广泛。系统介绍了近年来国内外制备取向纳米纤维的方法与技术，包括旋转辊轴收集装置、平行排列的电极装置、辅助电极装置和其他一些方法，并深入分析了各种方法的优缺点。分析结果表明，引入辅助电极控制射流的运动，再利用其他装置收集纳米纤维，是目前静电纺取向纳米纤维制备技术发展的方向。

Research and development of aligned nanofibers prepared by electrospinning

The conventional electrospun non-woven membranes have chaotic microstructure and inferior mechanical properties, which limit their applications. However, aligned nanofibers possess anisotropic morphology, anisotropic wettability, higher mechanical properties, and these advantages endows aligned nanofibers wider range of applications. Hence, many researchers modified conventional collecting apparatus to fabricate aligned nanofibers. In this paper, the methods and collecting equipments including rotating cylinder, parallel plate, auxiliary electrodes and some other apparatus was summarized, and the merits and demerits of these methods were also analyzed and compared, thus providing a reference for the further development of aligned nanofiber and expanding of the application of nanofibers.