Osteoporosis: a concern for cancer survivors

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To describe the risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, management, and impact of osteoporosis on the lives of women who have survived breast and endometrial cancer. DATA SOURCES: Journal articles, selected textbooks, prescribing information, and conference proceedings. DATA SYNTHESIS: Women who have not been able to have estrogen-replacement therapy (including women who have survived breast and endometrial cancer) are at higher risk for developing osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is associated with significant medical costs and can have a detrimental effect on long-term quality of life (QOL) as well as increased mortality. Recently, significant advances have been made in the ability to detect and manage osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS: Thorough assessment, appropriate evaluation, and treatment of osteoporosis can reduce the complications of this condition and ultimately improve the QOL for women surviving cancer. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Oncology nurses should include assessment of risk for osteoporosis into their practice. Education about the prevention of osteoporosis should be included with other wellness education. Women at higher risk for the development of osteoporosis should be referred for a diagnostic evaluation. Oncology nurses can provide women with osteoporosis with education about treatment as well as psychosocial support.