间距可调的小尺度空间十字阵对水下低频声源的被动定向

提出了一种可在水雷上安装的非典型声强向量阵一间距可调的空间十字阵，它由空间正交形状的四个水听器基元组成，通过测量水下声强向量实现小尺度条件下低频声源的高精度被动定向。它的结构简单，安装灵活，便于工程应用。理论上分析了其有限差分误差、相位失配误差以及海洋环境噪声引起的定向误差，计算机仿真实验证明，选择合适的阵元间距，该阵形能达到较高的定向精度。

A Spatial Cross-shaped Array with Changeable Distances between Sensors for 2D DOA(direction of arrival) of a Low Frequency Sound Source

A non-typical vector sound intensity array is presented here. It consists of 4 sensors that formed a spatial cross and the distances between the sensors can be changed. Its unique structure makes it adapted to be fixed in some small size platform like mine. It is more convenient for engineering implementation than the typical vector sound intensity array which consists of 6 sensors. This array can find the 2D DOA of a low frequency acoustic source with high precision based on the sound intensity vector measurement. In this paper, we analyze theoretically the direction estimation errors caused by finite difference approximation error, instrumentation phase mismatch error and statistical error in detail. The computer simulation results show that this array can achieve a high direction finding precision with properly choosing the distances between the sensors.