聚偏氟乙烯/酸化多壁碳纳米管复合材料的制备及性能

以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为基体,以酸化多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs-COOH)为功能性纳米填料,通过熔融共混法制备了不同MWCNTs-COOH含量的PVDF/MWCNTs-COOH复合材料。分别采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD),差示扫描量热(DSC),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、拉伸性能、硬度及维卡软化点温度测试对复合材料结构、微观形貌、力学性能、熔融与结晶行为及耐热性能等进行了测试和表征。FTIR测试表明,MWCNTs被混酸成功酸化成MWCNTs-COOH,有利于增强PVDF与MWCNTs-COOH之间的界面相互作用。XRD测试表明,随着MWCNTs-COOH的加入促进了PVDF的β晶的生成。SEM分析表明,当MWCNTs-COOH质量分数为1.0%时,MWCNTs-COOH被PVDF包覆并均匀地分散到基体中。DSC测试表明,MWCNTs-COOH的加入提升了复合材料的结晶温度、熔融温度和结晶度。当MWCNTs-COOH质量分数为1.0%时,PVDF/MWCNTs-COOH复合材料的拉伸强度可达到60.2MPa,较纯PVDF提高了10.5%,断裂伸长率、邵氏A硬度和维卡软化点温度分别为124%,82.7和161℃。

Preparation and Properties of PVDF/MWCNTs-COOH Composites

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was used as matrix and acidified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) as functional nanomaterials,PVDF/MWCNTs-COOH composites with different MWCNTs-COOH contents were prepared by melt blending. FTIR,XRD,DSC,SEM,tensile properties,hardness and Vicat softening piont temperature test were used to characterize the structure,micro-morphology,mechanical properties,melting-crystallization behavior and heat resistance of the composite. FTIR tests shows that MWCNTs are acidified successfully by mixed acid,which is beneficial to enhance the interfacial interaction between PVDF and MWCNTs-COOH. XRD test reveals that the addition of MWCNT-COOH promotes the formation of βcrystal of PVDF. SEM analysis shows that when the mass fraction of MWCNTs-COOH is 1.0%,MWCNTs-COOH is coated by PVDF and thus homogeneously dispersed into the PVDF matrix. DSC test shows that the addition of MWCNTs-COOH increases the crystallization temperature,melting temperature and crystallinity of the composites. When the mass fraction of MWCNTs-COOH is 1.0%,the tensile strength of PVDF/MWCNTs-COOH composite reaches 60.2 MPa,which is 10.5% higher than that of the pure PVDF. The elongation at break,the Shore A hardness and Vicat softening piont temperature reach 124%, 82.7 and 161℃,respectively.