磷氮膨胀型改性水滑石阻燃剂的制备及其阻燃ABS复合材料的性能

采用固相接枝反应的方法,以水滑石(LDHs)及γ–(2,3–环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH–560)、氯磷酸二苯酯和聚乙烯亚胺等为原料,合成了磷氮膨胀型水滑石阻燃剂(IFR–LDHs)。借助傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、冷场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜以及能量色散X射线光谱仪测试,显示水滑石(LDHs)表面已接枝磷氮膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)。将IFR–LDHs添加到丙烯腈–丁二烯–苯乙烯塑料(ABS)中,提高了阻燃ABS复合材料的阻燃性能。添加15份IFR–LDHs的阻燃ABS复合材料的垂直燃烧等级达到V–0级,LOI达到29.4%,拉伸强度提高了12.5%,断裂伸长率提高了120.0%,缺口冲击强度提高了57.9%。

Preparation of Hydrotalcite Modified with Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant and Properties of It Flame Retardant ABS Composites

Via the method of solid phase graft reaction,hydrotalcite (LDHs) modified with phosphorus-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant (IFR–LDHs) was synthesized with LDHs,γ–(2,3–epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane,diphenyl chlorophosphite and polyethyleneimine. It was tested by FTIR,SEM,TEM and EDX,and the results indicate that intumescent flame retardant is grafted onto the surface of LDHs. IFR-LDHs was added to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic (ABS) to improve the flame retardancy of flame retardant ABS composites. When 15 phr IFR-LDHs are added,the vertical combustion grade of flame retardant ABS composite reaches V–0 grade,the LOI reaches 29.4%,the tensile strength increases by 12.5%,the elongation at break increases by 120.0%,the notch impact strength increases by 57.9%.