城市绿地社会健康的概念、效益及影响 因素

城市化带来的生活环境和生活方式改变,对居民的整体健康水平产生了显著的影响。越来越多的研究证明城市绿地具有广泛的健康效益,包括生理、心理和社会健康3个方面。目前,社会健康的定义和测量方式并不统一,现有研究也极少关注城市绿地的社会健康效益。旨在探讨城市绿地和社会健康的关系,以期解决城市绿地对社会健康有什么影响,以及如何建立城市绿地和社会健康的联系问题。通过辨析社会健康的定义和维度,提出城市绿地社会健康效益的内容在个体层面包括社会交往、社会关系、社会支持和社会联系,在社会层面包括社会凝聚力和社会资本;影响社会健康效益的城市绿地因素包括城市绿地的物理特征、感知和使用。城市绿地和社会健康的关联路径包括“暴露-反应”关系及设计实践与健康效益的关联性反馈。研究成果有助于完善对城市绿地社会健康效益的认知,为评估城市绿地的社会健康效益及完善城市绿地健康影响机制的全模型奠定理论基础并提供证据支持。

Concept, Benefits and Influencing Factors of Social Health Based on Urban Green Space

The changes in the living environment and lifestyle brought about by urbanization have significantly affected the overall health of the population. A growing number of studies have demonstrated the wide range of health benefits of urban green spaces (UGS), including physical, mental and social health. Currently, the definition and measurement of social health are not uniform, and existing studies rarely focus on the social health benefits of UGS. This study aims to explore the relationship between UGS and social health. The research question to be addressed in this paper is what impact UGS have on social health and how to establish the link between UGS and social health. By analyzing the definition and composition of social health, this paper proposes the content and composition of social health benefit of UGS. Individual dimensions included social contact, social relationship, social support and social connection. Social dimensions included social cohesion and social capital. UGS factors that influence social health benefits include the physical characteristics, perception and use of urban green space. The associated path of UGS and social health, including the "exposure-response" relationship and the associated feedback of design practices and health benefits. The results help improve the cognition of the social health benefits of UGS, and lay the theoretical foundation and evidence support for assessing the social health benefits of UGS, as well as improving the impact mechanism of UGS on human health.