聚能光面爆破光爆层参数优化研究

结合聚能爆破对光面爆破光爆层参数进行优化分析,分析了聚能爆破初始裂纹的形成机理,提出了采用双孔聚能方向裂纹贯通时和非聚能方向主裂纹与反射拉伸波引起的拉伸裂纹贯通时的时差作爆破效果评价标准,结合裂纹最终扩展效果进行分析,并将研究结果应用于实际工程中。研究表明：仅从裂纹贯通时差的角度分析,在一定范围内光爆层厚度越小,炮孔间距越大,效果越佳;在相同炮孔间距下,随着光爆层厚度的增加,光爆层的裂纹密度逐渐减小,为保证炮孔间裂纹的有效贯通及有效控制破碎块度大小,炮孔间距不宜大于700 mm、光爆层厚度不宜小于500 mm且不宜大于700 mm;当药型罩为PVC的椭圆双极线性聚能药包装药结构,炮孔直径为42 mm时,聚能光爆层最优爆破方案为“炮孔间距为700 mm,光爆层厚度为600 mm”。研究结果为类似工程光面爆破周边眼参数的设计提供参考。

Research on Numerical Optimization of Smooth Blasting Layer Parameters of Shaped Energy Smooth Blasting

Combining with shaped charge blasting, the parameters of smooth blasting layer are optimized and analyzed, and the formation mechanism of the initial crack of shaped charge blasting is analyzed. The difference between the time when the cracks in the double hole energy gathering direction penetrate and the time when the main crack in the non-concentrating direction penetrates through the tensile crack caused by the reflected tensile wave is proposed as the blasting effect evaluation standard, and the research results are applied to the actual project. The research shows that: only from the perspective of crack penetration time difference, within a certain range, the smaller the thickness of the smooth blasting layer, the larger the hole spacing, the better the effect; At the same hole spacing, as the thickness of the smooth blasting layer increasing, the crack density of the smooth blasting layer is gradually reduced. In order to ensure the effective penetration of the cracks between the blast holes and the effective control of the size of the broken block, the blast hole spacing should not be greater than 700 mm and the thickness of the smooth blasting layer should not be less than 500 mm and should not be greater than 700 mm; When the charge structure is an elliptical bipolar linear shaped charge structure with the PVC cumulative cover and the diameter of the hole is 42 mm, the optimal blasting scheme for the shaped smooth blasting layer is "the distance between the holes is 700 mm and the thickness of the smooth blasting layer is 600 mm". The research results provide a reference for the design of peripheral holes parameters for smooth blasting in similar projects.