基于植入式脑机接口的在体生物电子鼻研究进展

气味检测在食品安全控制、环境检测、缉毒、炸药搜索等社会安全防范方面起到重要作用。哺乳动物具有异常高灵敏的嗅觉系统,能检测到空气中极其痕量的气体分子,在缉毒、搜爆、反恐等社会防范方面发挥着重要的作用。本课题组提出了一种新型的基于植入式脑机接口的在体生物电子鼻:利用哺乳动物的嗅上皮作为初级气味感受器,气味信息通过嗅球和嗅皮层修饰处理后,将植入式微电极阵列包埋于嗅球或嗅皮层记录其响应信号,通过对记录到的神经元信号进行分析解码,实现气味检测与识别。本文重点介绍了在体生物电子鼻的原理、组成结构、技术实现、应用等,最后,对该领域的发展趋势进行了展望。

The Research Progress of in vivo Bioelectronic Nose Based on Implantable Brain-computer Interface

Odor detection has been applied to many real applications, such as quality control of food products, safety and security, environmental monitoring, medical diagnosis and so on. The mammalian olfactory system is recognized as one of the most effective odor-sensing systems, with extraordinary capacity to accurately identify odor carries diverse set of odorant molecules each in varying concentration. This paper presents an in vivo bioelectronic nose based on implantable brain-computer interface technology. Odor is first ＇sensed＇ by the sensory neurons in mammalian olfactory epithelium, then the sensory neurons send olfactory information through their axon to olfactory bulb for coding and processing before transmitting to the olfactory cortex. We extract the odorant-evoked responses by chronically coupling multiple microelectrodes to olfactory bulb or cortex of conscious rats. Olfactory information can be inferred using relevant neural decoding. Here, we focus on the principle, basic composition, employed technology and application of in vivo bioelectronic nose. Finally, the further trend in this area is forecasted.