综合物探技术在煤矿采空区探测中的应用研究

以煤矿采空区探测为背景，将高密度电法和瞬变电磁法相结合。采用不同装置，对所建立的典型地电模型数值模拟，得到正演数据，然后再进行反演计算，将反演结果与实际情况进行对比、分析，最终得出探测煤矿采空区的最佳组合。研究认为：偶极一偶极装置是最佳装置，适合勘探深度小于100m的采卒区，其他四种勘探装置各有优缺点，可根据不同的地质情况进行选择；中心回线装置效果最好，但是勘探深度有限，适合稍浅采空区的探测，但是工作效率太低。综合考虑，大定源回线装置更适合煤矿采空区深部探测，而且工作效率更高。将偶极一偶极和大定源回线装置应用于某地区煤矿采空区探测中，高密度电法能够清晰的探测出80m以内的地层情况，划定采空区范围，后经钻探验证，证明推断正确；瞬变电磁法能够探测出200m以下的采空区情况，推测出一个采空区位置。后经钻探验证，证实推测。说明，利用高密度电法和瞬变电磁法综合地球物理勘探，是可行的，也是有效的。

The Applied Research of Integrated Geophysical Techniques on the Detection of Colliery Gob

Taking the detection of colliery gob as background, the high--density electrical method and transient electromagnetic method are combined. Different devices can be used for the numerical simulation of established ground--electric models, and forward data can be received, and then inversion calculation is used. Comparing the inversion results with the actual situation, the best combination of coal gob detection is ultimately analyzed. Studies suggest that the dipole--dipole device is the best device for the exploration depth, which is less than 100 meters. The other four exploration devices have advantages and dis- advantages respectively, which can be selected according to the different geological condi- tions. Central loop effect is the best, which is most suitable for slightly shallow gob, but the efficiency is too low. Take a full consideration, the big source loop device is more suit- able for deep coal mined area with better efficiency. The dipole--dipole device and big source loop device are used in the detection of coal mined area, high--density electrical method can clearly detect the stratigraphy within 80 meters, and determine the scope of the mined area. Transient electromagnetic method can detect the mined--out area below 200 meters, the presumed location of mined--out area can be determined. These results are proved to be true further. Therefore, the use of high--density electrical method and transi- ent electromagnetic method for integrated geophysical prospecting is feasible and effective.