天然气供应安全及其应对策略

天然气供应安全是国家能源安全的重要组成部分，在天然气供应日趋全球化的今天，供气的安全性、稳定性和持续性已受到世界各国的高度关注，政府和天然气生产、运输和销售企业及用户都在积极采取措施和对策，预防天然气供应中断的风险。为此，诠释了天然气供应安全的涵义，介绍了保障供气安全的基本原则和部分国家的供气安全保障机制，最后结合我国天然气供需现状和发展趋势，提出了我国天然气供应安全的应对策略：①制定确保天然气供应安全的法律法规或政策；②调整天然气价格；③实现天然气供应多元化；④建立天然气储备机制；⑤发展可停供气用户；⑥制定天然气供应突然中断或需求严重不足的应急预案；⑦加快天然气市场的改革与开放步伐，利用市场机制解决天然气供应安全问题。

SAFETY OF NATURAL GAS SUPPLY AND COUNTERMEASURES

The safety of natural gas supply is an important component of national energy safety. Safety, stability and continuity of natural gas supply have drawn great concerns of the world along with the globalization of gas supply. Government, gas production, transportation and marketing companies as well as consumers are all actively taking measures to prevent interruption of gas supply. This paper explains the connotations of gas supply safety, introduces the basic principles to ensure the safety of gas supply and the safeguard systems of some countries. Based on an analysis of the status and trend of gas supply and demand in China, it presents some strategies for ensuring the safety of gas supply, including ① drawing up laws and regulations and formulating policies to ensure the safety of gas supply; ② adjusting gas price; ③ diversifying sources of gas supply; ④ establishing gas reserve systems; ⑤ developing consumers to whom gas supply can be interrupted at any time; ⑥ formulating emergency plans against abrupt interruption of supply or severe shortage of demand; ⑦ speeding up reform and opening up of natural gas market and solving the issues of gas supply safety through market mechanism.