独立运行微电网电源优化配置模型的对比分析

降低系统经济成本,提高供电可靠性,改善系统环保性能是微电网电源优化配置追求的目标。论述了独立运行风/光/柴/蓄微电网的基本结构和电源发电模型。以系统等年值费用最低为经济性优化目标,对可靠性和环保性采用约束条件或纳入经济性优化目标的方式分别建立了4种类型的综合经济性、可靠性和环保性的多目标优化模型。以年风速、气温、光辐射强度等资源情况,以及负荷水平作为输入,采用粒子群自适应算法对优化模型求解得到风/光/柴/蓄微电网电源的优化配置方案。对比分析算例系统在4种优化模型下配置方案的区别及其原因。通过灵敏度分析得到环保性和可靠性合理的考虑方式,为今后的相关研究和工程设计提供参考。

Comparative Analysis on Optimized Configuration Models of Distributed Generations in Stand-alone Micro-grid

The aims for optimized configuration of distributed generations in micro-grid are to reduce the economic cost, and to improve the reliability of power supply and environmental performance. The topology structure of the stand-alone micro-grid with wind/PV/diesel/battery energy and the optimized configuration models of distributed generations are discussed. The annual minimum cost of the system is taken as the optimal economic objectives, and the reliability and environmental performance are considered as constraints conditions or added into the optimal economic objective. Therefore, four types of multi-objective optimal models which combine economy, reliability and environmental performance are respectively built. The load level and natural resource, such as annual wind speed, air temperature and solar irradiance are regarded as the input information, and the particle swarm adaptive algorithm is applied to solve the optimized model to obtain the optimal configuration schemes of distributed generations for wind/PV/diesel/battery energy micro-grid. The differences of configuration schemes under four types of optimal models in the case system are compared and the corresponding reasons are analyzed thoroughly. Through sensitivity analyzing, reasonable modes of the environmental performance and reliability are obtained, which can provide helpful guidance to the related research and the actual engineering design.