中国沉积盆地油气立体综合勘探论

中国油气勘探近15年来进入发现高峰期,在成熟区精细勘探、新区、新层系、新类型、新领域勘探中不断取得突破,常规与非常规油气勘探取得重要进展,剖析这一阶段勘探的性质与思维方法将为中国油气勘探持续深入开展奠立重要基础。从沉积盆地系统论与油气勘探方法论的角度,通过剖析沉积盆地的油气地质基础,结合现阶段油气勘探实践,提出了新时期的勘探理念与方法。研究表明,中国的沉积盆地多为多旋回叠合盆地,沉积盆地的演化受周缘板块构造作用、陆内构造变形及其深部地幔地质过程的控制,复杂构造背景下油气多层系规模聚集。中国沉积盆地有常规油气、低熟油、生物气、致密气、页岩油气、煤、煤层气、盐类、天然气水合物和金属等多种矿产资源,资源潜力大。中国的油气勘探经历了构造油气藏、岩性-地层油气藏勘探阶段,现今进入常规与非常规油气并举的"立体综合勘探"阶段。这一阶段是针对"全盆地、多层系、多尺度储集体、多类型资源"的全链条的整体勘探,钻探进入万米尺度,海域进入深水区。立体综合勘探的理论基础是多旋回叠合盆地油气地质学、油气成藏动力学与非常规油气地质学,技术手段是多尺度(微米-纳米)储集体分析技术、"两宽一高"高精度地震勘探技术与"水...

Integrated 3D hydrocarbon exploration in sedimentary basins of China

Oil and gas exploration in China has entered the peak of discovery with breakthroughs made in mature regions,frontier areas,new plays,new types of rock assemblages and new domains for both conventional and un-conventional hydrocarbon reservoirs in recent 15 years.Discussing the nature and guiding notion of the exploration during this period is of significant referential value to the on-going hydrocarbon exploration in China.Viewing from sedimentary basin system theories and petroleum exploration methodology,the paper puts forward exploration scenarios and methodology for the coming era based on a combination of oil and gas geologic condition analyses of sedimentary basins with current exploration activities in China.It shows that the sedimentary basins in China are chiefly of multi-cycle superimposed type under the joint control of the adjoining plate tectonics,the intra-continental structural deformation,and the deep mantle geologic processes,which together have resulted in large-scale oil and gas accumulation in multiple reservoirs or plays.The sedimentary basins in China are rich in variety of resources,including conventional oil and gas,low-maturity oil,bio-methane gas,tight gas,shale oil and gas,coal,coal-bed gas,salt and gypsum,hydrate,and metals etc.Petroleum exploration in China,after stages for structural oil and gas pools and lithologic-stratigraphic oil and gas pools,is now entering a stage for both conventional and unconventional oil and gas—also called the“integrated 3D reservoir exploration”stage.The stage is characterized by a full-chain and integrated exploration that scans the basin as a whole and takes multiple plays,multi-scale reservoirs,hybrid resources as its targets.It drills into subsurface over 10,000 meters deep and explored the deep waters.It is based theoretically upon petroleum geology advancements in multi-cycle superimposed basins,deeper understanding to the dynamics of oil and gas accumulation,and progress in unconventional petroleum geology.It employs technologies including the multi-scale(micro-to-nano meter scale)analytical methods for reservoirs,the high-resolution seismic exploration featuring wide-frequency,wide-azimuth,and high-density,as well as the massive fracturing in horizontal wells.It is performed by integrating geology and engineering,exploration and production.It thus guarantees an integrated exploration of both conventional and unconventional oil and gas as well as other resources like coal,salt and metals in the basins.