ABR-BAF工艺处理采油废水的中试研究

进行了利用折流板厌氧反应器（ABR）-曝气生物滤池（BAF）工艺处理江汉油田马-25污水处理站采油废水的中试研究，主要考察了ABR的除油效果、提高废水可生化性的作用以及BAF的运行参数、处理效果等。研究结果表明：当废水流量为0．3m^3／h时，ABR反应器对油的去除率平均为83．5％，对COD的去除率平均为40．8％，出水BOD，／COD值提高了24．8％。ABR一方面去除了采油废水中的大部分油，另一方面提高了采油废水的可生化性。当BAF的水力负荷为0．6m／h、进水COD平均为203．5mg／L时，出水COD平均为85．7mg／L，平均去除率为57．9％；对SS的去除率为82．7％。组合工艺对油、COD、BOD，和SS的总去除率分别为96．1％-96．9％、58．2％～75．1％、80．0％-93．1％和80．7％～87．1％。扫描电镜（SEM）观察结果显示：生物膜结构紧密，并且观察到裂口虫，生物相非常丰富。ABR-BAF工艺能够很好地处理采油废水，出水水质满足污水二级排放标准。

ABR and BAF for Treating Oil-field Wastewater: a Pilot Study

The combined process of Anaerobic Baffled Reactor(ABR) and Biological Aerated Filter(BAF) was used to treat the oil-field wastewater.For the ABR stage,the experiment was mainly focused on the removal efficiency of oil as well as the improvement of biodegradability of wastewater;for the BAF stage,the operational parameters were investigated along with the removal efficiency of COD under different hydraulic loading rates.The experimental results show that for the ABR,the removal efficiency is 83.5% for oil and 40.8% for COD;the ratio of BOD_5/COD of the effluent increases by 24.8% when the flow rate is 0.3 m~3/h.It reveals that not only the ABR can remove most of the oil in the wastewater but it also increases the biodegradability of the effluent. For the BAF,when the hydraulic loading rate is 0.6 m/h and the influent COD is 203.5 mg/L,the effluent COD is 85.7 mg/L,the removal efficiency is 57.9%;the removal efficiency of SS is 82.7%.The total removal efficiency of oil,COD,BOD_5 and SS is 96.1%-96.9%,58.2%-75.1%,80.0%-93.1% and 80.7%-87.1% respectively.The SEM observation indicates that the biofilm is compact,and the microbial composition is abundant and diversiform.The combined process of ABR-BAF can treat the oil-field wastewater effectively and the water quality of the effluent meets II-class criteria specified in Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard.