催化裂化结焦反应的研究进展

综述了近年来催化裂化结焦反应的研究进展情况,重点介绍了结焦反应的影响因素、焦炭对催化反应的影响、结焦机理以及焦炭的表征4个方面。研究认为,原料的性质、反应温度、催化剂的类型等因素均会对焦炭的生成产生影响。焦炭可以导致催化剂的失活,而位于孔道内部的焦炭对反应物或产物的扩散不利,进而影响产物的分布。研究表明,各种烃类组分形成焦炭的过程都必须经历芳香烃这一步。对于结焦催化剂可以采取多种表征手段,其中利用XPS以及GC-MS对焦炭进行表征的报道日益增多。尽管国内外对于催化裂化结焦反应的研究开展较早,然而探究焦炭的具体成分仍存在不小的困难,通过先进的表征手段鉴定焦炭中高缩合度芳烃组分以及如何减小催化裂化催化剂的结焦量将成为未来的研究方向。

Process of coking reaction in fluid catalytic cracking

In this paper,coking reaction in fluid catalytic cracking is summarized from four aspects,including factors affecting coking,influence on catalytic reactions by coke,coking mechanism and coke characterization. Researches show that properties of feedstock,reaction temperature,catalyst type and other factors affect the formation of coke. Coke formation lead to deactivation of catalyst and affect distribution of products. Coke formation from various hydrocarbons must go through the step of aromatics. Coked catalysts can be characterized by multiple methods. XPS and GC-MS have also been used to characterize coke. However,there are still some difficulties to identify specific components of coke. The identification of polycyclic aromatics in coke and how to reduce coke formation on FCC catalyst will be the direction of future research.