石油焦制备高比表面积活性炭的研究

通过正交实验法研究了活化条件对以石油焦为原料制备高比表面积活性炭性能的影响 ,同时进行了原料结构与所制活性炭性能之间的相关性研究。结果表明 ,所考察的 5种影响因素的作用程度大小顺序 :原料焦微观结构 >活化温度 >碱炭比 >原料粒度 >活化时间 (“ >”表示“优于”)。在本实验范围内制备高比表面积活性炭的最佳条件 :以盘锦石油焦为原料 ,活化时间 60min ,活化温度 770℃ ,KOH/石油焦质量比 5 /1,原料粒度 10 0～ 45 0 μm ;在此条件下制得的活性炭比表面积为 3 73 0m2 /g。具有小晶粒、细镶嵌型光学结构的生焦与活化剂的反应活性较高 ,而且所制备的活性炭的比表面积较大

Preparation of High Surface Area Activated Carbon from Petroleum Green Coke

Effects of the activation conditions such as raw material species, ac tivation temperature,activation time and size of raw materials on the properti e s of high surface area activated carbon were investigated by means of orthogonal design.The structure of raw materials was investigated by using XRD,microsco p e,elemental and composition analysis.It was found that the preparation parame t er had great effects on the high surface area activated carbon.The influencing degree of various factors was as follows:structure of raw material>activation t emperature>ratio of alkali to raw material>size of raw material>activation time .A high surface area activated carbon with BET surface area of 3730 m 2/g was su ccessfully prepared with the most appropriate activation conditions (PJ petroleu m green coke;raw coke size,100～450 μm;activation temperature,770 ℃;activ ation time,60 min and mol ratio of KOH/coke,5/1).Large number of active si tes were formed from the edges and corners resulted from the disordered arrangem ent of the raw material with small mosaics;meanwhile,activation agent could e a sily enter the gap of the crystals because of the high surface area of the raw m aterial with small crystals.As a result,the reaction activity was high betwee n activation agent and the raw material.So green cokes with optical textures of small mosaics and small crystals are the most suitable materials to form high surface activated carbons.