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Novelties of liquid–liquid–liquid phase transfer catalysis Alkoxylation of p-chloronitrobenzene |
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| Authors: | G D Yadav and Suguna S Naik |
| Affiliation: | Chemical Engineering Division, University Department of Chemical Technology (UDCT), University of Mumbai, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India |
| Abstract: | Liquid–liquid–liquid phase transfer catalysis (L–L–L PTC) offers orders of magnitude intensification of rates of reaction and better selectivities than the biphasic PTC. The catalyst-rich middle phase is the main reaction phase. The etherification or alkoxylation of p-chloronitrobenzene (PCNB) was conducted by using alkanol and alkali instead of the metal alkoxide. A kinetic model is presented and validated. |
| Keywords: | Alkoxylation p-Chloronitrobenzene Phase transfer catalysis Liquid–liquid–liquid system |
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