机械松动现象与故障特性研究综述

松动现象广泛存在于机械系统中，包括基础松动、支座松动及部件间配合松动。为此举例说明了三类松动的故障成因，归纳了国内外研究中常见的几种松动模型，从松动故障的动力学建模、求解方法及其非线性动力学特性等方面，对单一松动、松动-碰摩耦合、松动-裂纹耦合、两端支座松动、质量慢变系统松动与双跨转子系统松动等六类松动问题的研究现状进行了阐述，并简要介绍了松动实验的研究现状。最后，对松动故障研究中的关键问题或进一步研究课题进行了展望。

Review of Mechanical Looseness Phenomena andFailure Characteristics Study

There is a looseness phenomena existing in mechanical system widely which includes foundation looseness, pedestal looseness and match of components looseness, causes of the three types of looseness were explained by illustrated. Some common kinds of looseness models applied by domestic and foreign scholars were concluded. Research of single looseness, looseness coupled with rub-impact, looseness coupled with crack, looseness at two supports, slowly varying mass rotor system with looseness and two-span rotor system with looseness was expounded from the aspect of the dynamics modeling, solving method and their nonlinear dynamics characteristics. Research of looseness experiments were also introduced briefly. Finally, the key problem or further study of looseness fault was prospected.