梅花鹿初乳主要营养成分及氨基酸组成分析

为更好了解梅花鹿初乳的组成成分,采用比色法、凯氏定氮法等测定梅花鹿初乳中基本营养成分;使用氨基酸自动分析仪测定氨基酸含量并与其他几种哺乳动物初乳汁进行比较。结果表明:梅花鹿初乳富含蛋白质(7.07 g/100 g)、脂肪(10.69 g/100 g)、钙(1 172.19 mg/kg)、镁(151.22 mg/kg)、铁(10.34 mg/kg)、锌(8.86 mg/kg)等矿物质元素和17种氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的0.407,必需氨基酸占非必需氨基酸总量的0.716,含量最高的氨基酸为谷氨酸,第1限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸。通过氨基酸比值系数法评价,按照联合国粮食及农业组织/世界卫生组织提出的标准模式与全鸡蛋蛋白标准模式计算,梅花鹿初乳的比值系数分分别为81.08和71.82,必需氨基酸指数为0.96,说明梅花鹿初乳是一种能够满足于人体需要且营养价值高的优质蛋白质。

Analysis of Nutritional Components and Amino Acid Composition of Sika Deer Colostrum

In this study, we determined the main nutritional components of sika deer colostrum by Kjeldahl and colorimetry.
An automatic amino acid analyzer was used to determine amino acid contents. Sika deer colostrum was also compared
with the colostrums of other mammals. The results showed that sika deer colostrum was rich in protein (7.07 g/100 g), fat
(10.69 g/100 g), calcium (1 172.19 mg/kg), magnesium (151.22 mg/kg), iron (10.34 mg/kg), zinc (8.86 mg/kg) and 17 kinds
of amino acids. Essential amino acids (EAAs) comprised 0.407 of the total amino acids; the ratio of EAA to non-essential
amino acids (NEAAs) was 0.716. The most abundant amino acid was glutamic acid and the first limiting AA in the protein
was sulfur-containing amino acid. Based on the FAO/WHO recommended pattern and the whole-egg protein pattern, SRCs
of sika deer colostrum were 81.08 and 71.82, respectively, and EAAIs were both 0.96. All these findings indicated that sika
deer colostrum was a source of high-quality proteins that can satisfy human nutritional needs.