Homofarnesals: Female Sex Attractant Pheromone Components of the Southern Cowpea Weevil, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Callosobruchus chinensis</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Kenji Shimomura Satoshi Nojima Shunsuke Yajima Kanju Ohsawa |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan;(2) Department of Entomology and W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA |
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Abstract: | The southern cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), is a major pest of stored legumes in warm temperate and tropical climates. The female sex attractant
pheromone was extracted from filter-paper shelters taken from containers that housed virgin females. The extracts were purified
by various chromatographic techniques, and the biologically active components in the fractions were screened by gas chromatographic–electroantennographic
detection analysis with male antennae. Two compounds that elicited electrophysiological responses were isolated, and gas chromatography–mass
spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and micro-chemical analyses suggested that the active compounds were homofarnesals,
(2Z,6E)- and (2E,6E)-7-ethyl-3,11-dimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienals. Males of C. chinensis were significantly attracted to filter paper discs loaded with the synthetic compounds at 0.01–0.1 ng compared to solvent
control in a Y-tube olfactometer assay. These pheromone components represent unique chemical structures within the genus Callosobruchus. |
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Keywords: | Bruchidae Callosobruchus chinensis (2Z 6E)- and (2E 6E)-7-Ethyl-3 11-dimethyl-2 6 10-dodecatrienal GC-EAD Homofarnesal Seed beetle Sex attractant pheromone Southern cowpea weevil |
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