湖南省降水量观测误差分析及其校正

降水观测数据与实际降水量之间的偏差影响着降水观测资料集的质量，尤其在气候差异显著的湖南省，降水量校正差异更大，对此参考应用于干旱地区的降雨观测修正方程，从动力损失、蒸发损失、湿润损失和微量降水的角度分析了湖南省18个气象站2007~2015年的月降水量和年降水量误差修正情况。结果表明，湖南省近9年观测误差对年平均降水量影响较大,平均绝对误差为184.55 mm,平均相对误差为11.18%；校正后年降水强度由实际观测的3.62 mm/d变为4.24 mm/d，这对水文过程模拟和气象变化特征的结果解释具有一定的理论意义。

Error Analysis and Correction of Precipitation Observation in Hunan Province

A deviation between precipitation data and actual precipitation affects the quality of precipitation data set, especially in Hunan Province where the difference of precipitation is more significant. Referencing rainfall observation correction equation in arid region, rainfall observation data from 2007 to 2015 in 18 weather stations of Hunan Province was collected and the monthly precipitation and the annual precipitation error were modified from the point of view of power loss, evaporation loss, wetting loss and micro precipitation. The results show that the observation error of Hunan province in last 9 years has a great influence on the annual average precipitation; the average absolute error is 184.55 mm, and the average relative error is 11.18%; the annual precipitation intensity is corrected into 4.24 mm/d by the actual measurement 3.62 mm/d. Thus, it has certain theoretical significance for the hydrological process simulation and explaining the results of the climate change characteristics.