拉伸试验的夹持原理

针对常见的延性金属拉伸实验的柱面试样,通过进行拉伸试样的受力和失效形式分析,导出拉伸试验时试样夹持段和夹具必须满足的基本条件,并结合实际试样的两种典型的拉伸试验,材料屈服强度试验和极限强度试验,给出了初始预紧压力、系统摩擦特性参数和试样的几何尺寸、材料性能参数之间必须满足的制约关系。目的是建立夹持原理的确定性分析模型,为试验标准制定、试验设备和试样的设计、试验操作提供依据。同时,为随机分析做前期准备。

The Gripping Principle in the Static Tension Test

Against the cylindrical or prismatic sample in the static tension test for ductile metal and with the force analyses and the failure analyses on the sample for tension,the paper concludes the essential condition the gripping section of the sample and the jig are to meet with in the static tension test.Based on the two typical static tension for the real samples--the yielding strength test and the limit strength test of materials,the paper summarizes the controlling relationship to be meet with between the i...