机械可靠性试验技术研究现状和展望

相对电子产品可靠性试验而言,机械产品可靠性试验理论问题还处于不成熟的阶段.文中对当前机械可靠性的特点和争议进行介绍,从Bayesian理论、FMECA(failure mode effects and criticality analysis)和疲劳可靠性试验等三个方面总结机械可靠性试验技术相关的重要理论问题及其发展,并阐述可靠性增长试验、加速试验和微机械可靠性试验技术的国内外发展.最后总结机械可靠性试验技术研究存在的问题及其发展趋势.结论指出,只有把宏观上的可靠性统计、试验技术等问题与微观的材料失效机理及其老化过程等问题研究联合起来共同解决,才会更有助于推进机械可靠性技术的发展.

PRESENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR MECHANICAL RELIABILITY TESTING TECHNIQUE STUDY

Compared with reliability testing of electronics product,the theory of mechanical reliability testing is immature.Focusing on the problem of mechanical reliability testing,the disputed and difficulties on mechanical testing are pointed out.The key theory about mechanical reliability testing and its development are summarized according to the Bayesian theory,FMECA(failure mode effects and criticality analysis)and fatigue reliability testing.Then the development of mechanical reliability growth testing,accelerated testing and MEMS(micro-electronic-mechanical system)reliability testing technique are described in detail.At last,the trend of its developments in future is presented.The conclusion that mechanical reliability problems can be solved by integrating macroscopical research on reliability statistics and testing technique with microcosmic research on failure mechanism and aging process is drawn.