Esterification of Fatty Acids in Greases to Fatty Acid Methyl Esters with Highly Active Diphenylamine Salts |
| |
Authors: | Helen L Ngo Heather Vanselous Gary D Strahan Michael Haas |
| |
Affiliation: | 1. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA
|
| |
Abstract: | Diphenylamine sulfate (DPAS) and diphenylamine hydrochloride (DPACl) salts were found to be highly active catalysts for esterification and substantial transesterification of inexpensive greases to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). In the presence of catalytic amounts of DPAS or DPACl and excess methanol, the free fatty acids as well as the acylglycerols in waste greases were converted to FAME at 125 °C within 1 h. Although the DPAS and DPACl catalysts were found to have similar catalytic activities to their parent liquid acids (i.e., sulfuric and hydrochloric acids) the diphenylammonium salts are much easier to work with than concentrated liquid acids. |
| |
Keywords: | Biodiesel Diphenylamine hydrochloride Diphenylamine sulfate Esterification Fatty acid methyl esters Transesterification Trap grease Yellow grease |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |