基于改进最优覆盖法的智能变电站无功优化配置

智能变电站的无功控制需要实现实时就地平衡。传统变电站通常配置电容器组进行无功补偿，而随柔性交流输电技术的发展，动态无功补偿装置逐步应用于智能变电站无功补偿中，但很少有考虑两者的协调配置。针对以上情况，提出电容器组与静止无功补偿器（static var compensator， SVC）协调配合进行智能变电站的无功优化配置。在原最优覆盖思想仅考虑电容器的等容分组配置的基础上，增加SVC进行组合配置，在分析等容分组与几种典型不等容分组情况后，建立统一的无功失配面积最小及投资成本最优的多目标优化数学模型，并转换为年损耗最小的单一目标函数作为变电站无功配置的评价函数，用遗传算法进行寻优，获得SVC与等容及不等容分组的电容器组优化配置方案，进行对比，得到最优方案。最后采用某智能变电站无功负荷数据验证了该配置方法的有效性及实用性。

Reactive Power Optimization Configuration of Smart Substation Based on Improved Optimal Cover Method

The reactive power control of smart substation needs to achieve real-time in situ balance. Capacitor banks were usually configured in traditional substation as reactive power compensation. Along with the development of flexible AC transmission technology, dynamic reactive power compensation device was gradually used in the reactive power compensation of smart substation, but there were few coordination configurations between these two reactive power compensation methods. In view of the above situation, the configuration scheme of reactive power optimization was suggested for smart substation, in which capacitor banks were coordinated with static var compensator （ SVC）. On the basis of the original optimal cover that only the considered equal capacity grouping configuration of capacitors, this paper improved the optimal cover method with considering the influence of SVC. Through the analysis of equal capacity grouping and several typical unequal capacity grouping, this paper constructed the multi-objective optimization mathematical model with the minimum reactive power mismatch area and the optimal investment cost as objectives, and then converted it into a single-objective function of the minimum annual loss as an evaluation function for the reactive power configuration of substation. Based on the genetic algorithm optimization, the configuration optimization schemes of SVC with equal or unequal grouping capacitor banks were obtained respectively and compared to get the optimal scheme. Finally, the reactive load data of a smart substation was used to verify the effectiveness and practicality of this confizuration method.