超临界CO2和微波辅助萃取辽细辛挥发油

通过超临界CO2萃取辽细辛挥发油均匀设计实验和微波诱导萃取的正交实验比较，考察了影响提取的主要因素，得到了最佳萃取工艺. 超临界CO2萃取最佳工艺条件为：压力16 MPa,温度32oC，CO2流量20 kg/h和时间80 min，得率为3.78%；微波萃取最佳工艺条件为：辐射功率720 W，辐射时间50 s，溶剂用量300 ml，洗涤溶剂用量30 ml，得率为5.46%. 水蒸馏法提取率为1.62%. 结果表明，超临界CO2和水蒸馏法萃取辽细辛挥发油品质最好；微波萃取收率最高，但品质较差.

Extraction of Volatile Oils from Asarum Heterotropoides by Supercritical CO2 and Microwave-aided Techniques

The volatile oils were obtained with the supercritical CO2 and microwave methods to search for the optimum extraction conditions. The uniform design of experiment was used to optimize the supercritical CO2 extraction conditions. The optimal conditions were determined: pressure 16 MPa, temperature 32oC, CO2 flow rate 20 kg/h and time 80 min. The optimum conditions of the microwave extraction were obtained by orthogonal experiment: radiation time 200 s, microwave power 720 W, volume of solvent 300 ml, volume of washing solvent 30 ml. The volatile oils were obtained by supercritical CO2, microwave and steam distillation, and the extraction rate was 3.78%, 5.46% and 1.62% respectively. The results showed that the extraction rate of microwave extraction was higher and its process was simpler, but the quality of the volatile oil was worse than those extracted by supercritical CO2 and steam distillation.