汽车碰撞仿真研究进展

针对碰撞仿真技术已广泛用于汽车碰撞安全性能预测和优化设计中的情况,对国内外碰撞仿真理论、技术及经验的研究成果进行了综述.介绍了多时间尺度计算法、非对称性有限单元法、ASI-GAUSS法、BWH和RTCL准则及碰撞下焊接属性的设置.总结了碰撞仿真技术的经验及碰撞仿真建模过程中关键问题的处理方式.简述了依据碰撞法规开展整车碰撞仿真分析及其改进的研究成果.阐述了零部件碰撞仿真分析和优化设计的研究成果.指出可应用仿真工具进行碰撞概念性设计,开发多域接触技术,构建瞬态本构关系材料库,开发对碰撞过程进行优化设计的有限元优化模块等.

The Status Quo of Fem Simulation on Vehicle Collision

Because finite element simulation method had been widely used in predicting vehicle’s crash performance and conducting optimization,we summarized the new theories,techniques and experiences in crash simulation.Theories like multi-scale method,asymmetric finite element method,ASI-GAUSS method,BWH and RTCL criterion,weld’s setting under crash were discussed.We summarized experiences and key questions’ handling on crash simulation.Achievements on whole vehicle’s crash simulation and its improvements were generalized.We also elaborated achievements on parts’ designing and its optimization.We points out that some technologies,such as implying simulation at concept design,developing multi-scale contact method,constructing the transient constitution model of novel materials and designing optimization modular,are prospective in the future.