铈对工程机械用700 MPa级高强钢焊接性能的影响

针对工业生产700 MPa级高强度调质态钢板，通过Gleeble3500热模拟机进行模拟焊接试验，利用光学显微镜、硬度仪、场发射扫描电镜等设备对比研究了稀土Ce对高强钢焊接热影响区（HAZ）显微组织、晶粒度和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明，焊接热输入为25 kJ·cm?1和50 kJ·cm?1时，无稀土钢焊接热影响区冲击功分别为84.8 J和24.5 J，Ce质量分数为0.0018%的钢焊接热影响区冲击功分别为110.0 J和112.0 J，因此钢中加入适量Ce能够有效改善钢板焊接韧性。对比分析两种实验钢焊接热影响区晶粒尺寸和显微组织可以看出，随着焊接热输入值增大，高强钢焊接热影响区显微组织均逐渐从马氏体、下贝氏体转变为上贝氏体和粒状贝氏体组织，且奥氏体晶粒尺寸明显增大。但相同焊接热输入下，含Ce钢焊接热影响区晶粒尺寸显著减小，组织更加细小，且脆性的上贝氏体组织减少，从而显著提高了700 MPa级高强钢的焊接性能。 

Effect of cerium on welding performance of 700 MPa high-strength steel used in construction machinery

As the use of high-strength thick plates is increasing in marine engineering, bridge engineering, petroleum pipelines, and other fields, the required performance level of thick welded plates is also increasing. Oxide metallurgy technology, which is used to improve the toughness of heat-affected zones by controlling the formation and dispersion of high-melting-temperature oxide particles in steel, has attracted increasing attention by researchers in recent years. The effect of cerium on the welding performance of industrial quenched and tempered high-strength steel was investigated. Using a Gleeble 3500 thermal simulator, the coarse-grained heat-affected zones of high-strength steel were simulated with different cerium contents. The microstructures, austenite grains, and mechanical properties of the heat-affected zone were investigated by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry, and hardness testing. The results show that when the heat inputs are 25 kJ·cm?1 and 50 kJ·cm?1, the impact energies of the heat-affected zone of Ce-undoped steel are 84.8 J and 24.5 J, respectively. When the mass fraction of Ce is 0.0018%, the impact energies of the heat-affected zone are 110.0 J and 112.0 J, respectively. The different degrees of toughness of the two experimental steels indicate that the appropriate content of rare earth element can effectively improve welding performance. By comparing and analyzing the microstructures and prior-austenite grain sizes of the two experimental steels, it can be seen that with increases in the welding heat input, the microstructure of the heat-affected zone of the high-strength steel gradually transforms from martensite and lower bainite to upper bainite and granular bainite, and the average size of the prior-austenite grains in the heat-affected zone obviously increases. However, at the same welding heat input, the size of the prior-austenite grains in the heat-affected zone of Ce-doped high-strength steel is significantly smaller. The observed microstructure of Ce-doped steel is finer with a reduced content of brittle upper bainite, which significantly improves the welding performance of 700 MPa high-strength steel.