环境中高氯酸盐的来源、水污染现状与处理工艺研究进展

高氯酸盐具有高稳定性、高水溶性、强氧化性和低挥发性，广泛应用于军工制造、航空航天与工业生产等领域。伴随着空气流动和水体迁移，越来越严重的高氯酸盐水体污染现象已在全球范围内引起广泛关注。有关高氯酸盐的来源、水体污染现状和治理工艺，国外已开展了较为全面的研究与调查，我国仍处于起步阶段，严重忽视高氯酸盐的环境污染问题，缺乏对其系统深入的处理工艺研究，更缺少相关环境质量标准与安全浓度限值。综述了高氯酸盐的来源、危害和水污染现状，分析了世界已有的高氯酸盐浓度限值标准，并重点总结了高氯酸盐处理工艺的研究进展，以期为我国高氯酸盐污染问题的深入研究和相关法律法规的制定提供借鉴与参考。

Research advance in the source,water pollution status and treatment processes of perchlorate

Perchlorate was widely used in military manufacturing, aerospace and industrial production, which had high stability, high water solubility, strong oxidizability and low volatility. With the flow of air and water migration, increasingly serious perchlorate water pollution caused widespread concern worldwide. Therefore, many countries carried out a comprehensive research and investigation on the source, water pollution status and treatment technology of perchlorate. However, China still had a few reports on perchlorate study, seriously neglecting the situation and treatment research of perchlorate pollution and lacking relevant environmental quality standards and safety concentration limits. This paper reviewed the source, hazard and water pollution status of perchlorate, analized the existing worldwide perchlorate concentration limit standards, and summarized the research progress of perchlorate treatment process in order to provide some references for further development of perchlorate study and formulation of relevant regulations in China.